Types of Companies in Egypt
A detailed comparison to help you choose the right legal structure.
The Egyptian Investment Law No. 72 of 2017 and the Companies Law No. 159 of 1981 regulate the establishment of companies. Choosing the right type depends on your capital, number of partners, and business goals.
1. Limited Liability Company (LLC)
The most popular choice for small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Learn more about LLC Features.
- Partners: Minimum 2, Maximum 50.
- Liability: Limited to the value of shares held by the partner.
- Capital: No minimum capital required by law (usually started with a nominal amount).
- Management: Managed by one or more managers appointed by the partners.
2. Joint Stock Company (JSC)
Ideal for large investments and projects requiring public trading.
- Partners: Minimum 3 shareholders.
- Liability: Limited to the value of shares.
- Capital: Minimum 250,000 EGP. 10% must be deposited upon incorporation.
- Management: Board of Directors (Minimum 3 members).
3. One Person Company (OPC)
Allows a single individual to own a company with limited liability. See the difference between OPC and Sole Proprietorship.
- Owner: 1 person (natural or legal entity).
- Liability: Limited to the company's capital.
- Capital: Minimum 1,000 EGP. Must be paid in full.
- Management: Managed by the owner or an appointed manager.
4. Sole Proprietorship
The simplest form, but carries higher risk.
- Owner: 1 person.
- Liability: Unlimited (Owner's personal assets are at risk).
- Capital: No minimum.
- Tax: Subject to personal income tax tiers.
Need Help Choosing?
Counselor Ahmed Abdel Raouf Moussa can analyze your business model and recommend the structure that offers the best tax advantages and legal protection.
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